37
CPSC NEISS Data 2005–2024

Nail Guns Or Stud Drivers

Twenty years of CPSC NEISS emergency-room records for this consumer product category, combined with demographic breakdowns, multi-year injury trends, and matching recall notices.

Home Communication & Entertainment · CPSC Code 882

Down 13% over 5 years

The verdict

Nail Guns Or Stud Drivers carry a danger score of 37/100 (low risk), driven by roughly 9,856 ER-treated injuries a year that are declining by about 13% over the last five years.

37/100
danger score (low risk)
9,856
ER visits per year (avg)
5.3%
end in hospital admission
25-34
most-injured age group

Every figure is rendered from the CPSC NEISS record for product code 882 - last data year 2024.

PlainSafety danger score

0/100100/10037/100
PlainSafety danger score

Source: CPSC NEISS danger-score model As of 2024

How this 37/100 score is built

The score is computed from four CPSC-derived factors for nail guns or stud drivers - no opinion, no editorializing:

  • Injury volume9,856 ER visits/yr
  • Severity (hospitalization rate)5.3%
  • Fatality rate0.01%
  • 5-year trend-13%

See the full methodology for the exact weighting of each factor.

What the CPSC Data Shows

Nail Guns Or Stud Drivers (CPSC product code 882, in the Home Communication & Entertainment category) generate an estimated 9,856 emergency-room visits every year in the United States, adding up to roughly 197,123 ER-treated injuries across the 20-year span from 2005 to 2024. PlainSafety derives a danger score of 37/100 for this category (low risk), combining raw injury volume, demographic reach, severity of outcome, and multi-year trend. The five-year trajectory shows that injury counts are declining by about 13% over the last five years, with the busiest year on record being 2006 (14,113 estimated ER visits) and the quietest 2021 (7,344 estimated visits).

The single most common ER diagnosis for nail guns or stud drivers is puncture to the finger, accounting for approximately 38,281 visits across the 20-year NEISS window, followed by foreign body to the finger (31,588 cases). The 25-34 age group absorbs the largest share of injuries, about 46,795 cases over the NEISS window, and males appear slightly more often than the opposite sex in that cohort. Severity outcomes from the NEISS disposition field show that 5.3% of ER visits involving this product end in hospital admission or transfer, and a small fraction (0.01%) result in fatality.

Beyond the hospital-sampled NEISS projections, this page also aggregates 8 consumer incident reports filed directly on SaferProducts.gov, plus 20 anonymized ER narratives - together forming a layered picture of how nail guns or stud drivers fail in real households. Every figure on this page comes from CPSC-published data: NEISS projects national estimates from a probability sample of about 100 U.S. hospital emergency departments, while SaferProducts.gov collects voluntary reports from consumers, manufacturers, and clinicians. The danger score, trend indicators, and demographic breakdowns update automatically when CPSC releases a new yearly NEISS file, which is why this page is dated 2024-12-31. For regulatory context, consult CPSC recall notices and the SaferProducts.gov public database linked below.

9,856
Injuries / Year
5.3%
Hospitalization Rate
0.01%
Fatality Rate

Annual Injury Estimates (2005–2024)

6K8K10K12K14K16K 20052008201120142017202020232024 9K
Estimated annual emergency-room visits for Nail Guns Or Stud Drivers, CPSC NEISS

Source: CPSC NEISS national injury estimates As of 2024

Source: CPSC NEISS national estimates CPSC NEISS national estimates Injuries represent ER-treated cases only

Who Gets Injured?

Age Group Male Female Total
0-4 631 114 745
5-14 2,027 478 2,505
15-24 30,122 1,096 31,218
25-34 44,929 1,866 46,795
35-44 40,160 1,785 41,945
45-54 34,766 1,462 36,228
55-64 22,131 1,860 23,991
65-74 11,048 483 11,531
75+ 2,090 74 2,164

Most Common Injuries

Body Part Diagnosis Est. Injuries
Finger Puncture 38,281
Finger Foreign Body 31,588
Hand Puncture 22,865
Hand Foreign Body 14,003
Finger Fracture 9,172
Upper Leg Foreign Body 4,970
Finger Laceration 4,507
Upper Leg Puncture 4,460
Foot Puncture 4,154
Knee Foreign Body 4,060
Wrist Puncture 3,376
Knee Puncture 3,299
Lower Arm Foreign Body 3,283
Lower Arm Puncture 3,079
Wrist Foreign Body 2,895

Severity Breakdown

Treated/examined And Released 93.6% (184,546)
Treated And Admitted/hospitalized 3.4% (6,699)
Treated And Transferred 1.8% (3,451)
Left Without Being Seen 0.8% (1,668)
Held For Observation 0.4% (739)
Fatality Incl. Doa, Died In Er 0.0% (15)

ER Visit Narratives

Real anonymized emergency room reports from the CPSC NEISS database.

Age 30 · Male · Foot · Puncture · 2024

30YOM PRESENTS W/PAIN AT THE BASE OF HIS RIGHT GREAT TOE AFTER HE ACCIDENTALLY SHOT HIMSELF IN THE FOOT WITH A NAIL GUN/ROOFING NAIL. HE PULLED THE NAIL OUT PRIOR TO ARRIVAL. OCCURRED AT HOME. DX: PUNCTURE WOUND OF FOOT

Age 27 · Male · Lower Trunk · Puncture · 2024

27YOM WITH INJURY TO RIGHT LOWER ABDOMEN. PT HAS BEEN WORKING WITH A NAIL GUN AND ACCIDENTALLY INSERTED A NAIL INTO THE RIGHT LOWER QUADRANT. DX: ABDOMINAL WALL PUNCTURE WOUND, DEHYDRATION

Age 47 · Female · Finger · Puncture · 2024

47YOF WAS OPERATING A NAIL GUN AND HOLING A BOARD WHEN THE NAIL DROVE INTO HER FINGERNAIL ON HER LEFT INDEX FINGER. DX PUNCTURE WOUND WITH INJURY TO NAIL OF THE LEFT INDEX FINGER.

Age 20 · Male · Wrist · Puncture · 2024

20 YOM WAS WORKING WITH A NAIL GUN BUILDING A POLE BARN. HE IS PUTTING WALLS UP INSIDE A POLEBARN. HE WAS HOLDING THE NAIL GUN AND HIS LEFT HAND EXTENDED OUTWARD WHEN THE NAIL RICOCHETED OFF OF SOMETHING HARD IN THE WOOK AND CAME BACK AND ANGULATED INTO THE ANTERIOR PART OF RIGHT WRIST. DX: PUNCTURE WOUND RIGHT WRIST FROM A NAIL GUN. A 16 PENNY NAIL ENTERED ABOUT 2 INCHES

Age 65 · Male · Finger · Puncture · 2024

65YOM PRESENTS AFTER HE ACCIDENTALLY SHOT HIMSELF IN THE RIGHT MIDDLE FINGER WITH A NAIL GUN, THE NAIL CAUSED A SMALL PUNCTURE WOUND TO HIS RIGHT MIDDLE FINGER DX: PUNCTURE WOUND OF RIGHT MIDDLE FINGER

Age 62 · Male · Finger · Foreign Body · 2024

62YOM WAS USING A NAIL GUN FOR THE FIRST TIME AND STATED THAT IT WAS HEAVIER THAN HE ANTICIPATED AND HE ACCIDENTALLY SHOT HIMSELF WITH A NAIL INTO HIS FINGER. DX: FOREIGN OBJECT IN FINGER

Age 57 · Male · Finger · Puncture · 2024

57YOM WITH C/O OF A NAIL THROUGH HIS THUMB. HE WAS HANGING TRUSSES IN 30 MILE AN HOUR WIND AND WENT TO NAIL DOWN THE TRUSS WITH NAIL GUN AND GOT HIS THUMB. DX: PUNCTURE TO THUMB

Age 44 · Male · Hand · Laceration · 2024

44YOM ACCIDENTALLY SHOT NAIL FROM A NAIL GUN INTO HIS LEFT HAND CAUSING A LACERATION TO HIS LEFT HAND WITH A FOREIGN BODY OF HIS HAND DX: INJURY OF LEFT HAND BY NAIL GUN

Age 60 · Male · Finger · Puncture · 2024

60 YOM WAS USING A NAIL GUN TO NAIL TWO 4X4S TOGETHER AT HOME YESTERDAY WHEN IT FIRED, NAIL CAME OUT AND WENT THROUGH HIS GLOVE. DX: PUNCTURE WOUND RIGHT INDEX FINGER.

Age 29 · Male · Hand · Puncture · 2024

29YOM, C/O PUNCTURE WOUND, SHOT HIMSELF W/ NAIL GUN DX: PUNCTURE WOUND LEFT HAND

Age 21 · Male · Hand · Puncture · 2024

21 YOM HELPING FRIEND TRYING TO UNJAM A NAIL GUN AND NAIL WENT INTO HAND DX PUNCTURE WOUND HAND

Age 42 · Male · Finger · Laceration · 2024

42YOM PRESENTS TO THE ED AFTER THE PATIENT WAS USING A NAIL GUN WHEN A NAIL WENT THROUGH THE PATIENT'S THUMB COMPLAINING OF PAIN AND LACERATION. DX: THUMB INJURY, FOREIGN BODY IN THUMB

Consumer Incident Reports

Reports filed by consumers on SaferProducts.gov.

9/30/2024 · Incident, No Injury · Stanley Black & Decker, Inc. · New York

Dewalt D51825 clipped head framing nailer began to fire nails in "full automatic" mode without the trigger being pulled a few seconds after I connected it to compressed air. Approximately 10 nails were fired before I disconnected the air hose. Fortunately it was pointed in a safe direction and resulted in neither personal injury nor property damage. Pressure was 120PSI, the tool's rated pressure. I had planned to use it to drive some framing nails. Dewalt model D51825 TY1 Use: Light, infrequent residential Serial number or date code or whatever, below model number, stamped on frame near trigger: 13019021 C BJ

6/30/2017 · Incident, No Injury · Harbor Freight Tools · Massachusetts

I have a pneumatic 21° Angle Full Head Framing Air Nailer. It is model 97511 sold by Harbor Freight. When it has only a few nails left in the magazine the trigger is blocked to prevent you from running out of nails and leaving a mark on the wood from the hammer anvil. When the nailer needs to be reloaded I remove the air-line from the gun for safety. I then open the magazine slide to insert a new stick of nails. Once the new nails are in the nailer, I reconnect the air-nailer. There is a safety on the air nailer to prevent it firing a nail unless the nailer anvil is firmly pressed against the object to nail. The trigger must then be pulled. On what is now three occasions, the nailer fired a nail as I was connecting the air-line. The trigger was not pulled and the nose of the nailer was not touching anything or depressed. The nail flew out of the gun at a high speed. Once it stuck into a piece of wooden siding, once through the plastic top of my step ladder and a third time is launched like a bullet across the room. This is a clear hazard. If some-one was standing in front of the nailer when I connected the air, they would have been seriously injured.

4/16/2013 · Incident, No Injury · Paslode · Pennsylvania

Caller had been having problems with his 7.+ volts cordless framing nailer and it's dependability to fire as many nails as promised. He contacted the manufacturer on April 8th, 2013 to inform them that the less than one month old framing nailer advertised that it would fire 6000 nails with each charge, however he was only able to fire about 15 to 20 nails before having to charge again. He was told that it may be a defective battery and the representative (he did not obtain a name) would look into it. He hadn't heard anything yet from the manufacturer when he needed his framing nailer for work, on April 15th, 2013 he had fired about 45-60 nails and was preparing to charge the nailer so that he could nail 15 or 20 more, however this time when he plugged the unit in to charge it, he heard a loud pop and the battery with nailer burst into bright sparks and flames. He extinguished the fire, unplugged the nailer then checked the surrounding area. He contacted the manufacturer again on April 16th, 2004 to advise that he was reporting a severe fire hazard with fire. He spoke with [REDACTED] who informed him that she would be sending a replacement over night. He is reporting this product as a severe safety hazard and would ask that the public be alerted, this incident happened outside of his home, most of his chargers are in his basement and he states that the nailer happened to be on charge while he was working outside of the home and while he was standing there but if the nailer had been charging in his basement and if he had been elsewhere it could have burned his home down causing property and potential human damage.

4/10/2012 · Injury, First Aid Received by Non-Medical Professional · Harbor Freight Tools · Virginia

Purchased the Central Pneumatic 28 degree framing nailer at Harbor Freight Tools. Upon using this nailer it will routinely double fire if you are not applying EXTREME force against the nail gun. It did get me in the finger but just a glancing shot (thankfully). Upon checking the reviews of this nail gun it appears that this is a common problem. This happened when I was running at 120 psi per the manual. This is an extremely dangerous nailer. Thanks for your concern. It appears that the model # is 68068 it is listed same as item #.

2/4/2013 · Injury, First Aid Received by Non-Medical Professional · Hitachi Koki USA, Ltd. · Florida

I was using the Hatachi coil nailer NV83A2 to nail studs when a nail flew out and hit my finger.

2/11/2014 · Unspecified · Hitachi Koki USA, Ltd. · Illinois

Nail gun shot out sideways into eye.

10/17/2013 · Unspecified · Hitachi Koki USA, Ltd. · New York

Hitachi Air coil nailer (model# NV83A2), (serial# D20797), the nails are side discharging when fired and hitting the individual firing the air nailer in random spots. The issue is happening intermittently. The nailer is approximately 8-10 years old and not covered by manufacturers warranty.

1/27/2022 · Injury, First Aid Received by Non-Medical Professional · Harbor Freight Tools · Florida

The consumer indicates that he was using his nail gun when at one point it shot three more nails out, with one of them going through the corner of his left thumb. The consumer immediately removed the nail, wrapped his thumb with a towel to stop the bleeding, and put a bandage over it. The consumer has tested the product and the same thing keeps occurring. The consumer contacted the Manufacturer and explained the situation; the representative he spoke with informed him they would replace the product with a different brand and that he should expect a call from corporate however the consumer has yet to receive a call. The consumer states that he had only used his unit four times before the incident. The consumer plans on keeping his nail gun for at least the next thirty days in case an investigation ensues.

Product Recalls

Search for active and past recalls related to nail guns or stud drivers on the CPSC website.

Frequently Asked Questions

How dangerous are nail guns or stud drivers?

Based on 20 years of CPSC data, nail guns or stud drivers have a danger score of 37/100 (low risk). An estimated 9,856 ER-treated injuries occur annually in the U.S. related to this product category.

What are the most common injuries from nail guns or stud drivers?

The most common injury is puncture to the finger, accounting for approximately 38,281 injuries over 20 years.

Are injuries from nail guns or stud drivers increasing or decreasing?

Down 13% over 5 years.

Who is most at risk for nail guns or stud drivers injuries?

The 25-34 age group accounts for the most injuries, with approximately 46,795 cases recorded over 20 years. Males are more frequently injured in this age group.

What happens when someone is injured by nail guns or stud drivers?

Of all ER visits involving nail guns or stud drivers, approximately 5.3% result in hospital admission. The majority of patients (94.7%) are treated and released from the emergency department.

How can I report a safety problem with nail guns or stud drivers?

You can file a consumer incident report at SaferProducts.gov, the official CPSC reporting portal. Reports help the CPSC identify emerging hazards and trigger investigations or recalls. You can also call the CPSC hotline at 1-800-638-2772.

Safety Guides

What this means for you

Treat the 37/100 score as relative risk between products, not your personal odds of injury.

  • See where this category ranks against every other tracked product. Full rankings
  • Injuries cluster in the 25-34 age group, take extra care if that describes your household.
  • Check for active recalls on this product before you assume it is safe. CPSC recalls

NEISS estimates ER-treated injuries from a national probability sample of hospitals; they do not capture injuries treated elsewhere or not treated at all.

Data: CPSC National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) 2005–2024 and SaferProducts.gov consumer incident reports. Injury estimates are based on a nationally representative probability sample of U.S. hospital emergency departments. This page is for informational purposes only and is not affiliated with the CPSC.