Gas Water Heaters
Twenty years of CPSC NEISS emergency-room records for this consumer product category, combined with demographic breakdowns, multi-year injury trends, and matching recall notices.
Laundry & Household Appliances · CPSC Code 118
Down 29% over 5 years
The verdict
Gas Water Heaters carry a danger score of 32/100 (low risk), driven by roughly 735 ER-treated injuries a year that are declining by about 29% over the last five years.
- 32/100
- danger score (low risk)
- 735
- ER visits per year (avg)
- 8.0%
- end in hospital admission
- 35-44
- most-injured age group
Every figure is rendered from the CPSC NEISS record for product code 118 - last data year 2024.
PlainSafety danger score
How this 32/100 score is built
The score is computed from four CPSC-derived factors for gas water heaters - no opinion, no editorializing:
- Injury volume735 ER visits/yr
- Severity (hospitalization rate)8.0%
- Fatality rate0.00%
- 5-year trend-29%
See the full methodology for the exact weighting of each factor.
What the CPSC Data Shows
Gas Water Heaters (CPSC product code 118, in the Laundry & Household Appliances category) generate an estimated 735 emergency-room visits every year in the United States, adding up to roughly 14,696 ER-treated injuries across the 20-year span from 2005 to 2024. PlainSafety derives a danger score of 32/100 for this category (low risk), combining raw injury volume, demographic reach, severity of outcome, and multi-year trend. The five-year trajectory shows that injury counts are declining by about 29% over the last five years, with the busiest year on record being 2013 (1,445 estimated ER visits) and the quietest 2019 (235 estimated visits).
The single most common ER diagnosis for gas water heaters is anoxia to the all parts body, accounting for approximately 7,788 visits across the 20-year NEISS window, followed by burns, thermal to the face (2,747 cases). The 35-44 age group absorbs the largest share of injuries, about 2,847 cases over the NEISS window, and females appear slightly more often than the opposite sex in that cohort. Severity outcomes from the NEISS disposition field show that 8.0% of ER visits involving this product end in hospital admission or transfer.
Beyond the hospital-sampled NEISS projections, this page also aggregates 149 consumer incident reports filed directly on SaferProducts.gov, plus 20 anonymized ER narratives - together forming a layered picture of how gas water heaters fail in real households. Every figure on this page comes from CPSC-published data: NEISS projects national estimates from a probability sample of about 100 U.S. hospital emergency departments, while SaferProducts.gov collects voluntary reports from consumers, manufacturers, and clinicians. The danger score, trend indicators, and demographic breakdowns update automatically when CPSC releases a new yearly NEISS file, which is why this page is dated 2024-12-31. For regulatory context, consult CPSC recall notices and the SaferProducts.gov public database linked below.
Annual Injury Estimates (2005–2024)
Source: CPSC NEISS national estimates CPSC NEISS national estimates Injuries represent ER-treated cases only
Who Gets Injured?
| Age Group | Male | Female | Total |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0-4 | 421 | 1,020 | |
| 5-14 | 740 | 993 | |
| 15-24 | 772 | 1,021 | |
| 25-34 | 1,171 | 1,378 | |
| 35-44 | 1,346 | 1,501 | |
| 45-54 | 958 | 1,050 | |
| 55-64 | 769 | 215 | |
| 65-74 | 553 | 314 | |
| 75+ | 344 | 137 |
Most Common Injuries
| Body Part | Diagnosis | Est. Injuries |
|---|---|---|
| All Parts Body | Anoxia | |
| Face | Burns, Thermal | |
| Hand | Burns, Thermal | |
| All Parts Body | Poisoning | |
| Lower Arm | Burns, Thermal | |
| Eyeball | Burns, Thermal | |
| Not Stated/unk | Other | |
| Hand | Laceration | |
| Ankle | Fracture | |
| Wrist | Burns, Thermal | |
| Upper Arm | Burns, Thermal | |
| Face | Laceration | |
| Hand | Burn, Scald | |
| 25-50% Of Body | Burn, Chemical | |
| Eyeball | Radiation |
Severity Breakdown
ER Visit Narratives
Real anonymized emergency room reports from the CPSC NEISS database.
100YOM C/O QUESTIONABLE INHALATION OF GAS. PATIENT FELL AND COMPLAINS OF ANKLE PAIN. THERE SEEMS TO BE SOME QUESTION IF HE WAS EXPOSED TO A ROOM WITH LP OR NATURAL GAS FROM A LEAKING WATER HEATER. AMBULANCE CREW INDICATES STRONG GAS ODOR IN PATIENT'S HOUSE. NO SIGNS OF SOB OR ALTERED MENTAL STATUS. RADIOGRAPH INDICATES ACUTE LATERAL MALLEOLUS FRACTURE. DX: ANKLE FRACTURE
46YOF PRESENTS FROM HOME WITH CARBON MONOXIDE POISONING AFTER ONE OF THE PROPANE GAS TANKS THEY HAVE IN THE BATHROOM FOR WATER HEATING WENT OFF. CARBOXYHEMOGLOBIN=2.9 DX: CARBON MONOXIDE POISONING
35YOF PRESENTS AFTER BEING FOGGY AND LIGHTHEADED FOR THE PAST WEEK, THIS MORNING THE CARBON MONOXIDE DETECTOR WAS GOING OFF AND A LEAK WAS FOUND IN HER GAS WATER HEATER. CARBOXYHEMOGLOBIN=10.5 DX: LIGHTHEADEDNESS; EXPOSURE TO CARBON MONOXIDE
33 YOM WAS LIGHTING THE PILOT LIGHT OF HIS HOT WATER HEATER WHEN HE SUSTAINED A FLASH BURN TO HIS FACE AND RIGHT UPPER ARM. ?FD DX BURN
28YOF STATES CARBON MONOXIDE ALARM WENT OFF AFTER HUSBAND SMELLED ROTTEN EGG SMELL AND CARBON MONOXIDE WAS DETECTED IN AIR OF THEIR APARTMENT UNIT. PARTNER WAS HOSPITALIZED LAST NIGHT. THE SOURCE FOUND TO BE A HOT WATER HEATER WITH IMPROPER EXHAUST VENTILATION NEXT TO A WINDOW. HAS HEADACHES AND NAUSEA DX: CARBON MONOXIDE EXPOSURE
12YOF CARBON MONOXIDE ALARM WENT OFF IN HOUSE DUE TO GAS LEAK DUE TO HOT WATER HEATER. DX CARBON MONOXIDE EXPOSURE
5YOM CARBON MONOXIDE ALARM WENT OFF IN HOUSE DUE TO GAS LEAK DUE TO HOT WATER HEATER. DX CARBON MONOXIDE EXPOSURE
6YOM CARBON MONOXIDE ALARM WENT OFF IN HOUSE DUE TO GAS LEAK FROM HOT WATER HEATER. DX CARBON MONOXIDE EXPOSURE
73YOF STATES HOT WATER HEATER HAS A LEAK AND FEELS LIKE SHE MAY BE POISONED BY THE FUMES. DX: EXPOSURE TO NATURAL GAS
79YOM WAS EXPOSED TO CARBON MONOXIDE WHEN A CAP ON HIS WATER HEATER BECAME DISLODGED, CARBOXYHEMOGLOBIN= 1.3 DX: CARBON MONOXIDE EXPOSURE
39 YOM C/O HAND BURN S/P WAS TRYING TO LIGHT A PILOT LIGHT ON A GAS WATER HEATER AT HOME AND THERE WAS A BURST OF FLAME THAT BURNED HIS HAND. IT IS NOT STATED IF FIRE DEPARTMENT ATTENDED. DX: PARTIAL THICKNESS BURN OF HAND
34 YOM PRESENTS FOR 2 WEEKS OF DIZZINESS, HEADACHES AND NAUSEA. HE REPORTS THE GAS COMPANY CAME TO HIS HOME YESTERDAY AND SHUT OFF HIS WATER HEATER AS IT HAD A LEAKING VALVE AND THAT HE WAS AT RISK FOR CO EXPOSURE, COHGB 6.2 DX MILD CARBOXYHEMOGLOBINEMIA
Consumer Incident Reports
Reports filed by consumers on SaferProducts.gov.
We had a propane water heater replaced in our home. Almost immediately after it was installed we began smelling propane coming from the unit. We call the plumbing company that installed the unit and they came out, checked for leaks, made some adjustments and felt they had fixed the problem. We continued to smell the propane. Sometimes it was just very close to the control unit and other times we could smell it when we entered the garage. We called the installer back out. They did some more testing (spraying soapy water on the control unit and surrounding joints and piping) never finding any visible leak. After several trips to our house they agreed to replace the unit with a new unit. Once again we began noticing the propane smell in the garage. We had our propane provider come out and inspect their equipment and they found nothing. We called the fire department out and they did smell the propane, but were unable to pick up a reading on the meter they had. They advised us to replace the unit as soon as possible. The longer this goes on the less cooperative the installers become. Our main concern is the faulty control unit. We have had two units and both had the same problem from the same connection.
On 8/28 my 50 gallon water heater stopped working. I called Sears Home Service since I have a repair contract and the technician came on 8/30. He attempted to install two new parts, one of which was a "Water Heater Control Source 387," part F-145-1293. When he attempted to get it started, it leaked gas and there was a flashback that blew the flue pipe off the top of the water heater and stunned the technician momentarily. He commented to me that this was the second such part recently with which he had had that experience. Fortunately no fire started, but it seems to me that if these defective parts are being used by Sears in repairing Kenmore 50 gallon water heaters, then this is a potentially dangerous situation for many unsuspecting consumers. I still have the defective part in my possession. The part in question is apparently manufactured in Mexico for the White Rodgers Division of Emerson Electric Co. of St. Louis, MO. As a result of this fiasco Sears has been unable to repair my water heater and I am still waiting for them to address the situation.
I have a residential gas water heater Low Nox emissions, Model PG38T09AXK00, made by Rheem/GE. Purchased 2011. Since 2014 we have had problems with keeping the pilot lit. A plumber replaced the thermocouple in 2014. This did not fix the problem. We continue to have "pre ignition" with a very hot flash of hot burning natural gas within the heater which blows out the pilot light. On 9/26/15 we had a small EXPLOSION at the water heater. This time it could be heard all over the house and upon going to the heater we found it "surging" gas, sounding all the world like a blow torch. Flames could be seen via the pilot view hole, the area around the burner is burnt. I have pictures. I shut it off, let it rest and then relit it and it is working fine so far. I feel this is a extremely dangerous situation. If sufficient gas builds up in the heater before ignition I could have a very bad explosion and resulting fire could destroy my home and possible kill someone. I contacted Rheem about the problem and they seemed to think that it is "no big deal". Hire a plumber to get it fixed. They could not recommend any plumber in my area, so I am at the mercy of whatever predatory plumbers out there. I feel this should be addressed as someone, somewhere is going to die because of a this faulty water heater.
The heater got so hot that it shut down and now the pilot light will not remain lighted. The water was almost steam.
ao smith model # pcg 75 270. i have two of these water heaters. the first one caused a carbon monoxide leak. the police and fire department came shut off water heater. plumber said the water heater needed to be replaced due to the inability to properly exhaust the harmful gas and also evidence of debris/soot accumulation on the burners which posed a fire hazard. then the second water heater tank cracked and all the water spilled on basement floor.
Navien Tankless Water Heater Serial # 90914-20080311-1032 Model# CR180 which was installed on 06/23/2013 by Larry & Sons in Hagerstown, MD at our residence [REDACTED]. We began to smell an intense odor coming front he exhaust tanks outside last night, 9/16/2015. After calling Columbia Gas they detected a 58pmm reading of carbon monoxide being emitted from the exhaust system which was leaking into the home. All gas was turned off and the account was "red flagged". Larry and Sons came out today and informed us the unit was actually installed years AFTER it was federally recalled. At this point I am waiting on how they are going to resolve the issue. Thank you.
I just purchased a home built in 2006. The home came with a 48 gallon, natural gas, Bradford White water heater that provides the hot water for the in-floor radiant heat. Model Number M2TW50T6BN1 Serial Number CE7691231 The water heater vent (chimney), a 4" Schedule 40 PVC, has turned brown. This suggests to me that too much heat is being passed to this vent. The vent pipe is brown for about 5' from point where vent attaches to the top of the heater. The total length of the venting pipe to the outside of house is about 15'. There is only one 90 degree elbow in the vent passageway. I called Technician [REDACTED] at 1 800 538-2020 at Bradfor White. He said he did not know what the operating temperature should be where vent attaches to top of heater. He assured me that it was less that what the 4" Schedule 40 PVC was rated for. He first said is was rated for up to 170 degrees farenheit, then changed his mind and said it was rated for up to 160 degrees farenheit. My local installer measured the operating heat at this point at 178 degrees farenheit. Said that he has removed "many" of these heater over the past two years. Does not install them anymore. Believes there is a problem with the baffles but could not be specific. No carbon dioxide. I am now, 9/16/2011, in the process of replacing this unit only 5 years old because I believe it to be a potential fire hazard.
1st Hot Water Tank (04/23/2015)The consumer stated that she purchased a Bradford White hot water tank on April 23. The consumer stated that after using the water a white substance was left on her skin, scalp and eyelashes. There was a terrible metallic odor when the hot water was turned on. It also left deposits around the tub in the bathroom and the kitchen sink faucet. The consumer also suffered hair loss and her eyelashes turned white. The consumer contacted her water conditioner company. The representative came out and check the water conditioner, which was fine. The consumer was also advised that other people were having problem with the sacrificial anode rod that is in the water tank. The consumer gave the representative permission to pull the rod. It was discovered that the rod was pitted and magnesium had gotten into the water line. Removing the rod did not change the condition of the hot water. The consumer uses well water. The consumer stated that she does not use the hot water in her home anymore.
Showing 8 of 149 reports.
Product Recalls
Search for active and past recalls related to gas water heaters on the CPSC website.
Frequently Asked Questions
How dangerous are gas water heaters?
Based on 20 years of CPSC data, gas water heaters have a danger score of 32/100 (low risk). An estimated 735 ER-treated injuries occur annually in the U.S. related to this product category.
What are the most common injuries from gas water heaters?
The most common injury is anoxia to the all parts body, accounting for approximately 7,788 injuries over 20 years.
Are injuries from gas water heaters increasing or decreasing?
Down 29% over 5 years.
Who is most at risk for gas water heaters injuries?
The 35-44 age group accounts for the most injuries, with approximately 2,847 cases recorded over 20 years. Females are more frequently injured in this age group.
What happens when someone is injured by gas water heaters?
Of all ER visits involving gas water heaters, approximately 8.0% result in hospital admission. The majority of patients (92.0%) are treated and released from the emergency department.
How can I report a safety problem with gas water heaters?
You can file a consumer incident report at SaferProducts.gov, the official CPSC reporting portal. Reports help the CPSC identify emerging hazards and trigger investigations or recalls. You can also call the CPSC hotline at 1-800-638-2772.
Related Products in Laundry & Household Appliances
Safety Guides
What this means for you
Treat the 32/100 score as relative risk between products, not your personal odds of injury.
- See where this category ranks against every other tracked product. Full rankings
- Injuries cluster in the 35-44 age group, take extra care if that describes your household.
- Check for active recalls on this product before you assume it is safe. CPSC recalls
NEISS estimates ER-treated injuries from a national probability sample of hospitals; they do not capture injuries treated elsewhere or not treated at all.
Data: CPSC National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) 2005–2024 and SaferProducts.gov consumer incident reports. Injury estimates are based on a nationally representative probability sample of U.S. hospital emergency departments. This page is for informational purposes only and is not affiliated with the CPSC.
Read our methodology - how this data is sourced, scored, and verified.