CPSC NEISS · code 118

Gas Water Heaters

Gas Water Heaters: danger rank #574 of 838 is not ER-volume rank #560 of 838 (735 estimated ER visits a year; declining by about 29% over the last five years).

Laundry & Household Appliances CPSC NEISS through 2024

Danger score versus ER volume

Danger score versus ER volume

According to CPSC NEISS 2005-2024, Gas Water Heaters ranks #574 of 838 by danger score (32/100) at ER-volume #560 of 838 (735/yr). They are not the same ranking.

#574
danger rank of 838
#560
ER-volume rank of 838
32/100
danger score
735/yr
estimated ER visits (avg)

Danger score combines injury volume, hospitalization, fatality, and five-year trend. ER volume is the average annual NEISS estimate alone. Rank 1 is highest on each list.

Where this category's danger score sits nationally

Danger score (32/100) across 838 scored CPSC product categories

32 Lower than most lower than 68% of 838 product categories

scored CPSC product categories, bucketed by value

Each bar is a band; taller bars hold more product categories. The dashed line + filled bar mark this entry. Hover or tap any bar for its full count and share, and where it sits relative to this entry.

Source CPSC NEISS, PlainSafety danger-score model · 2024

Composite verdict

Composite Safety Score: 53/100

One verdict blending 4 independently-sourced dimensions from two separate CPSC systems, each benchmarked against all 838 scored product categories by percentile rather than raw value, so no single huge-volume category can dominate the scale.

C
Dimension Value National percentile Weight applied Source
Injury severity (hospitalization + fatality blend) 8 65th 35% CPSC NEISS 20-year severity index
Annual ER injury volume 735 29th 30% CPSC NEISS estimated annual ER-treated injuries
5-year injury trend -29% 23rd 15% CPSC NEISS 5-year % change in ER-treated injuries
Consumer incident reports 149 89th 20% CPSC SaferProducts.gov public incident report count

Methodology: each dimension is ranked against the full population's p10/p25/p50/p75/p90 breakpoints and interpolated to a 0-100 percentile; the composite is the weighted average of available percentiles. See methodology for the full benchmark table.

Where 14,696 estimated ER injuries land on the body

Body-part shares from the same CPSC NEISS injury_types extract for product code 118. Segments sum to 14,696 - a body-map mix, not a danger score or ER-volume rank.

Two danger lenses

Same-group peer scores and this product's dial

The bars compare PlainSafety danger scores inside the Laundry & Household Appliances group (same CPSC NEISS extract). The dial is this product's score alone on the Low/Moderate/High bands. Do not read a peer bar as an ER-visit count.

Laundry & Household Appliances danger scores

1. Propane, Lp Or Butane Gas…49/1002. Vacuum Cleaners40/1003. Electric Blankets Or Shee…38/1004. Washing Machines, Other O…37/1005. Clothes Dryers, Not Speci…37/1006. Electric Heating Pads37/1007. Automatic Garage Doors Or…35/1008. Gas Water Heaters32/100
Higher score = higher composite danger in this group. Peer set is other scored products sharing the same CPSC group.
0/100100/10032/100
PlainSafety danger score · Gas Water Heaters

Source: CPSC NEISS danger-score model As of 2024

How this 32/100 score is built

The score is computed from four CPSC-derived factors for gas water heaters - no opinion, no editorializing:

  • Injury volume 735 ER visits/yr Below median volume
  • Severity (hospitalization rate) 8.0% Above median admission rate
  • Fatality rate 0.00% No recorded fatalities
  • 5-year trend-29%

Band labels compare this category against the corpus of 838 scored CPSC product categories, see the full methodology for the exact weighting of each factor.

What the CPSC Data Shows

Across the 20-year NEISS window from 2005 to 2024, injury counts for gas water heaters are declining by about 29% over the last five years, with the busiest year on record being 2013 (1,445 estimated ER visits) and the quietest 2019 (235 estimated visits). The single most common ER diagnosis is anoxia to the all parts body, accounting for approximately 7,788 visits across the 20-year NEISS window, followed by burns, thermal to the face (2,747 cases). The 35-44 age group absorbs the largest share of injuries, about 2,847 cases over the NEISS window, and females appear slightly more often than the opposite sex in that cohort. Severity outcomes from the NEISS disposition field show that 8.0% of ER visits involving this product end in hospital admission or transfer.

Beyond the hospital-sampled NEISS projections, this page also aggregates 149 consumer incident reports filed directly on SaferProducts.gov, plus 20 anonymized ER narratives - together forming a layered picture of how gas water heaters fail in real households. Every figure on this page comes from CPSC-published data: NEISS projects national estimates from a probability sample of about 100 U.S. hospital emergency departments, while SaferProducts.gov collects voluntary reports from consumers, manufacturers, and clinicians. The danger score, trend indicators, and demographic breakdowns update automatically when CPSC releases a new yearly NEISS file, which is why this page is dated 2024-12-31. For regulatory context, consult CPSC recall notices and the SaferProducts.gov public database linked below.

Annual Injury Estimates (2005–2024)

05001K2K2K 20052008201120142017202020232024 421
Estimated annual emergency-room visits for Gas Water Heaters, CPSC NEISS

Source: CPSC NEISS national injury estimates As of 2024

Source: CPSC NEISS national estimates Injuries represent ER-treated cases only

Who Gets Injured?

Age Group Male Female Total
0-4 421 1,020 1,441
5-14 740 993 1,733
15-24 772 1,021 1,793
25-34 1,171 1,378 2,549
35-44 1,346 1,501 2,847
45-54 958 1,050 2,008
55-64 769 215 984
65-74 553 314 867
75+ 344 137 481

Most Common Injuries

Body Part Diagnosis Est. Injuries
All Parts Body Anoxia 7,788
Face Burns, Thermal 2,747
Hand Burns, Thermal 1,879
All Parts Body Poisoning 553
Lower Arm Burns, Thermal 306
Eyeball Burns, Thermal 276
Not Stated/unk Other 111
Hand Laceration 110
Ankle Fracture 108
Wrist Burns, Thermal 98
Upper Arm Burns, Thermal 93
Face Laceration 81
Hand Burn, Scald 80
25-50% Of Body Burn, Chemical 72
Eyeball Radiation 70

Severity Breakdown

Treated/examined And Released 91.7% (13,475)
Treated And Transferred 5.6% (826)
Left Without Being Seen 1.8% (261)
Treated And Admitted/hospitalized 0.9% (134)

ER Visit Narratives

Real anonymized emergency room reports from the CPSC NEISS database.

Age 100 · Male · Ankle · Fracture · 2024

100YOM C/O QUESTIONABLE INHALATION OF GAS. PATIENT FELL AND COMPLAINS OF ANKLE PAIN. THERE SEEMS TO BE SOME QUESTION IF HE WAS EXPOSED TO A ROOM WITH LP OR NATURAL GAS FROM A LEAKING WATER HEATER. AMBULANCE CREW INDICATES STRONG GAS ODOR IN PATIENT'S HOUSE. NO SIGNS OF SOB OR ALTERED MENTAL STATUS. RADIOGRAPH INDICATES ACUTE LATERAL MALLEOLUS FRACTURE. DX: ANKLE FRACTURE

Age 46 · Female · All Parts Body · Anoxia · 2024

46YOF PRESENTS FROM HOME WITH CARBON MONOXIDE POISONING AFTER ONE OF THE PROPANE GAS TANKS THEY HAVE IN THE BATHROOM FOR WATER HEATING WENT OFF. CARBOXYHEMOGLOBIN=2.9 DX: CARBON MONOXIDE POISONING

Age 35 · Female · All Parts Body · Anoxia · 2024

35YOF PRESENTS AFTER BEING FOGGY AND LIGHTHEADED FOR THE PAST WEEK, THIS MORNING THE CARBON MONOXIDE DETECTOR WAS GOING OFF AND A LEAK WAS FOUND IN HER GAS WATER HEATER. CARBOXYHEMOGLOBIN=10.5 DX: LIGHTHEADEDNESS; EXPOSURE TO CARBON MONOXIDE

Age 33 · Male · Face · Burns, Thermal · 2024

33 YOM WAS LIGHTING THE PILOT LIGHT OF HIS HOT WATER HEATER WHEN HE SUSTAINED A FLASH BURN TO HIS FACE AND RIGHT UPPER ARM. ?FD DX BURN

Age 28 · Female · All Parts Body · Anoxia · 2024

28YOF STATES CARBON MONOXIDE ALARM WENT OFF AFTER HUSBAND SMELLED ROTTEN EGG SMELL AND CARBON MONOXIDE WAS DETECTED IN AIR OF THEIR APARTMENT UNIT. PARTNER WAS HOSPITALIZED LAST NIGHT. THE SOURCE FOUND TO BE A HOT WATER HEATER WITH IMPROPER EXHAUST VENTILATION NEXT TO A WINDOW. HAS HEADACHES AND NAUSEA DX: CARBON MONOXIDE EXPOSURE

Age 12 · Female · All Parts Body · Anoxia · 2024

12YOF CARBON MONOXIDE ALARM WENT OFF IN HOUSE DUE TO GAS LEAK DUE TO HOT WATER HEATER. DX CARBON MONOXIDE EXPOSURE

Age 5 · Male · All Parts Body · Anoxia · 2024

5YOM CARBON MONOXIDE ALARM WENT OFF IN HOUSE DUE TO GAS LEAK DUE TO HOT WATER HEATER. DX CARBON MONOXIDE EXPOSURE

Age 6 · Male · All Parts Body · Anoxia · 2024

6YOM CARBON MONOXIDE ALARM WENT OFF IN HOUSE DUE TO GAS LEAK FROM HOT WATER HEATER. DX CARBON MONOXIDE EXPOSURE

Age 73 · Female · All Parts Body · Anoxia · 2023

73YOF STATES HOT WATER HEATER HAS A LEAK AND FEELS LIKE SHE MAY BE POISONED BY THE FUMES. DX: EXPOSURE TO NATURAL GAS

Age 79 · Male · All Parts Body · Anoxia · 2023

79YOM WAS EXPOSED TO CARBON MONOXIDE WHEN A CAP ON HIS WATER HEATER BECAME DISLODGED, CARBOXYHEMOGLOBIN= 1.3 DX: CARBON MONOXIDE EXPOSURE

Age 39 · Male · Hand · Burns, Thermal · 2023

39 YOM C/O HAND BURN S/P WAS TRYING TO LIGHT A PILOT LIGHT ON A GAS WATER HEATER AT HOME AND THERE WAS A BURST OF FLAME THAT BURNED HIS HAND. IT IS NOT STATED IF FIRE DEPARTMENT ATTENDED. DX: PARTIAL THICKNESS BURN OF HAND

Age 34 · Male · All Parts Body · Anoxia · 2023

34 YOM PRESENTS FOR 2 WEEKS OF DIZZINESS, HEADACHES AND NAUSEA. HE REPORTS THE GAS COMPANY CAME TO HIS HOME YESTERDAY AND SHUT OFF HIS WATER HEATER AS IT HAD A LEAKING VALVE AND THAT HE WAS AT RISK FOR CO EXPOSURE, COHGB 6.2 DX MILD CARBOXYHEMOGLOBINEMIA

Consumer Incident Reports

Reports filed by consumers on SaferProducts.gov.

9/7/2011 · Incident, No Injury · BRADFORD-WHITE CORPORATION · California

We had a propane water heater replaced in our home. Almost immediately after it was installed we began smelling propane coming from the unit. We call the plumbing company that installed the unit and they came out, checked for leaks, made some adjustments and felt they had fixed the problem. We continued to smell the propane. Sometimes it was just very close to the control unit and other times we could smell it when we entered the garage. We called the installer back out. They did some more testing (spraying soapy water on the control unit and surrounding joints and piping) never finding any visible leak. After several trips to our house they agreed to replace the unit with a new unit. Once again we began noticing the propane smell in the garage. We had our propane provider come out and inspect their equipment and they found nothing. We called the fire department out and they did smell the propane, but were unable to pick up a reading on the meter they had. They advised us to replace the unit as soon as possible. The longer this goes on the less cooperative the installers become. Our main concern is the faulty control unit. We have had two units and both had the same problem from the same connection.

9/3/2011 · Incident, No Injury · Sears Holdings Management Corporation · New York

On 8/28 my 50 gallon water heater stopped working. I called Sears Home Service since I have a repair contract and the technician came on 8/30. He attempted to install two new parts, one of which was a "Water Heater Control Source 387," part F-145-1293. When he attempted to get it started, it leaked gas and there was a flashback that blew the flue pipe off the top of the water heater and stunned the technician momentarily. He commented to me that this was the second such part recently with which he had had that experience. Fortunately no fire started, but it seems to me that if these defective parts are being used by Sears in repairing Kenmore 50 gallon water heaters, then this is a potentially dangerous situation for many unsuspecting consumers. I still have the defective part in my possession. The part in question is apparently manufactured in Mexico for the White Rodgers Division of Emerson Electric Co. of St. Louis, MO. As a result of this fiasco Sears has been unable to repair my water heater and I am still waiting for them to address the situation.

9/28/2015 · Incident, No Injury · Rheem Sales Company, Inc · California

I have a residential gas water heater Low Nox emissions, Model PG38T09AXK00, made by Rheem/GE. Purchased 2011. Since 2014 we have had problems with keeping the pilot lit. A plumber replaced the thermocouple in 2014. This did not fix the problem. We continue to have "pre ignition" with a very hot flash of hot burning natural gas within the heater which blows out the pilot light. On 9/26/15 we had a small EXPLOSION at the water heater. This time it could be heard all over the house and upon going to the heater we found it "surging" gas, sounding all the world like a blow torch. Flames could be seen via the pilot view hole, the area around the burner is burnt. I have pictures. I shut it off, let it rest and then relit it and it is working fine so far. I feel this is a extremely dangerous situation. If sufficient gas builds up in the heater before ignition I could have a very bad explosion and resulting fire could destroy my home and possible kill someone. I contacted Rheem about the problem and they seemed to think that it is "no big deal". Hire a plumber to get it fixed. They could not recommend any plumber in my area, so I am at the mercy of whatever predatory plumbers out there. I feel this should be addressed as someone, somewhere is going to die because of a this faulty water heater.

9/23/2022 · Incident, No Injury · A. O. Smith Water Products Company · Ohio

The heater got so hot that it shut down and now the pilot light will not remain lighted. The water was almost steam.

9/19/2011 · Incident, No Injury · A. O. Smith Water Products Company · New Jersey

ao smith model # pcg 75 270. i have two of these water heaters. the first one caused a carbon monoxide leak. the police and fire department came shut off water heater. plumber said the water heater needed to be replaced due to the inability to properly exhaust the harmful gas and also evidence of debris/soot accumulation on the burners which posed a fire hazard. then the second water heater tank cracked and all the water spilled on basement floor.

9/17/2015 · Injury, No First Aid or Medical Attention Received · NAVIEN AMERICA, INC · Maryland

Navien Tankless Water Heater Serial # 90914-20080311-1032 Model# CR180 which was installed on 06/23/2013 by Larry & Sons in Hagerstown, MD at our residence [REDACTED]. We began to smell an intense odor coming front he exhaust tanks outside last night, 9/16/2015. After calling Columbia Gas they detected a 58pmm reading of carbon monoxide being emitted from the exhaust system which was leaking into the home. All gas was turned off and the account was "red flagged". Larry and Sons came out today and informed us the unit was actually installed years AFTER it was federally recalled. At this point I am waiting on how they are going to resolve the issue. Thank you.

9/16/2011 · Incident, No Injury · BRADFORD-WHITE CORPORATION · Minnesota

I just purchased a home built in 2006. The home came with a 48 gallon, natural gas, Bradford White water heater that provides the hot water for the in-floor radiant heat. Model Number M2TW50T6BN1 Serial Number CE7691231 The water heater vent (chimney), a 4" Schedule 40 PVC, has turned brown. This suggests to me that too much heat is being passed to this vent. The vent pipe is brown for about 5' from point where vent attaches to the top of the heater. The total length of the venting pipe to the outside of house is about 15'. There is only one 90 degree elbow in the vent passageway. I called Technician [REDACTED] at 1 800 538-2020 at Bradfor White. He said he did not know what the operating temperature should be where vent attaches to top of heater. He assured me that it was less that what the 4" Schedule 40 PVC was rated for. He first said is was rated for up to 170 degrees farenheit, then changed his mind and said it was rated for up to 160 degrees farenheit. My local installer measured the operating heat at this point at 178 degrees farenheit. Said that he has removed "many" of these heater over the past two years. Does not install them anymore. Believes there is a problem with the baffles but could not be specific. No carbon dioxide. I am now, 9/16/2011, in the process of replacing this unit only 5 years old because I believe it to be a potential fire hazard.

9/15/2015 · Injury, Level of care not known · BRADFORD-WHITE CORPORATION · New York

1st Hot Water Tank (04/23/2015)The consumer stated that she purchased a Bradford White hot water tank on April 23. The consumer stated that after using the water a white substance was left on her skin, scalp and eyelashes. There was a terrible metallic odor when the hot water was turned on. It also left deposits around the tub in the bathroom and the kitchen sink faucet. The consumer also suffered hair loss and her eyelashes turned white. The consumer contacted her water conditioner company. The representative came out and check the water conditioner, which was fine. The consumer was also advised that other people were having problem with the sacrificial anode rod that is in the water tank. The consumer gave the representative permission to pull the rod. It was discovered that the rod was pitted and magnesium had gotten into the water line. Removing the rod did not change the condition of the hot water. The consumer uses well water. The consumer stated that she does not use the hot water in her home anymore.

Showing 8 of 149 reports.

Product Recalls

Search for active and past recalls related to gas water heaters on the CPSC website.

Compare beyond Laundry & Household Appliances

Nationwide peers by danger score, ER volume & hospitalization

Three PlainSafety-derived comparison paths for Gas Water Heaters: cross-group products nearest on danger score (32/100), estimated annual ER visits (735/yr), and hospitalization share (8.0%). Same-group neighbours stay in Related Products above.

Read with this product

About this data

CPSC National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) 2005–2024 and SaferProducts.gov consumer incident reports form the basis of this page. Injury estimates are based on a nationally representative probability sample of U.S. hospital emergency departments.

According to PlainSafety's CPSC NEISS corpus ranking, Gas Water Heaters ranks #574 of 838 scored CPSC product categories by PlainSafety danger score and #560 of 838 by 20-year estimated ER injury volume.

Frequently Asked Questions

Where does gas water heaters rank on danger score versus ER volume?

Among 838 scored CPSC product categories, gas water heaters ranks #574 by PlainSafety danger score (32/100) and #560 by 20-year estimated ER injury volume (735/yr). The two rankings come from the same NEISS extract and are not the same order.

What are the most common injuries from gas water heaters?

The most common injury is anoxia to the all parts body, accounting for approximately 7,788 injuries over 20 years.

Are injuries from gas water heaters increasing or decreasing?

Down 29% over 5 years.

Who is most at risk for gas water heaters injuries?

The 35-44 age group accounts for the most injuries, with approximately 2,847 cases recorded over 20 years. Females are more frequently injured in this age group.

What happens when someone is injured by gas water heaters?

Of all ER visits involving gas water heaters, approximately 8.0% result in hospital admission. The majority of patients (92.0%) are treated and released from the emergency department.

How can I report a safety problem with gas water heaters?

You can file a consumer incident report at SaferProducts.gov, the official CPSC reporting portal. Reports help the CPSC identify emerging hazards and trigger investigations or recalls. You can also call the CPSC hotline at 1-800-638-2772.

Data on Gas Water Heaters is compiled directly from CPSC NEISS and SaferProducts.gov records, current through 2024. See our methodology for details.

Disclaimer: This page is for informational purposes only and is not affiliated with the CPSC.

PlainSafety is rendered directly from U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission recall and incident records, no number is typed in by an editor. Product recall timelines and hazard labels are drawn from CPSC recall records for this product. See our editorial standards & corrections policy, the methodology behind these numbers, or report a data error. Data current as of August 2026.